These assumptions can cause widespread problems.
When you fix a bug that was based on a bad assumption, look for other areas of the code where those bad assumptions where used. Chances are good that there are additional bugs caused by the assumptions, bugs you haven’t found yet.
You may find many other bugs that have gone unnoticed as a result.
Always question your assumptions. It’s very easy to get the assumptions wrong, as they are often communicated to you through several people, each of which may accidentally alter it slightly.
Make you sure you document your assumptions in a shared knowledge base. An internal wiki like Confluence or other similar products is good for this.